Organic fertilizers pellets are naturally rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the three major nutrients needed to grow strong and healthy plants. The organic pelleted class of fertilizers tend to be less refined and involve little or no chemical processing. Also, the natural environment tends to have an easier time breaking down and absorbing natural pellet fertilizers. Organic fertilizers pellet increase the biological activities in the soil. Micro-organism’s within the soil help plants convert nutrients into food and help break down old plant material which adds to the over all health of the soil and garden.
Pelleted fertilizer has a slow-release capability. This slow-release property allows pelleted fertilizers to gradually release nutrients, which gives plants time to absorb and use them through the growing season. In this way, the pelleted fertilizer also helps stop leaching and soil erosion, which are side effects of the liquid form. Pelleted fertilizer’s content makes it a great source of nutrients not only for plants, but also for micro-organisms in the soil.
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Asia is the world’s largest user of chemical fertilizers, consuming 43% of the global total each year. In general, the only Asian farmers who do not use chemical fertilizers are those who cannot afford to buy them. However, some farmers in wealthy countries are practicing organic farming and using no chemicals at all, although this is mainly limited to the temperate countries of Japan and Korea. Experience in tropical Asian countries generally shows that organic farming alone does not supply enough nutrients, and organic fertilizers need to be supplemented by a basal dressing of chemical fertilizer. Field tests which compare the effect of chemical and organic fertilizers tend to find that in the short term, plants respond to the nutrients each type of fertilizer contains. If these are the same, then so generally are the yields.
However, over a longer period of time, applications of organic materials such as livestock manure and crop residues have been found to bring about a gradual improvement in soil productivity and crop performance. A recent study carried out on five crops in Japan showed that applications of organic matter enhance root growth and nutrient uptake, resulting in higher yields.
Another benefit from the increased use of organic materials is that it can help solve pollution problems caused by agro-industrial wastes and intensive livestock farming. However, the soil must not be seen as a dumping ground for organic wastes. If too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, whether in the form of organic matter or chemical fertilizer, some of the excess nitrogen is converted to nitrates, which are harmful to human health. Improper use of organic fertilizers can cause nitrates to accumulate in groundwater, and also in crops if they are taken up by the plant roots.
The value of organic materials as a source of plant nutrients is greatly enhanced by composting. Composted materials are also more stable and pleasant to handle. In Thailand, a major exporter of rice and cassava, the loss of soil nutrients represented by the export of bulk commodities is now being repaired by a major program to encourage farmers to use more compost. A national extension program is being carried out to teach farmers efficient composting methods.
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